South AfricaYouTubeNotesThe 2nd Boer War
Lord Kitchener Responsbile for winning the Boer War Winston Churchill English create the worlds first concentration camps Kidnap woman and children and put in camps- burn homes down and destroy farms Boer men have to come out to save homes and family- fighting on open grouds England wins Boer War- South Africa is under British control Boer Indpendance South Africa granted Commonwealth Status Began to economically rebuild SA Politcal structure dominated by the Afrikaans English back away and let the Afrikaans No one talking to the Bantus- represent 80% of the population (black) 20% of the population (white) domiate the country- economically, politically, socially Bantus create a political party- African Nation Congree (ANC) WWII
Hitler believes in anti-Semitism- makes the Afrikaans believe that their superiority is simply science The Dutch Reform Church- becaomes the most vocal support for Nazi and against England
Apartheid Solgan for SA until 1990 Daniel Francois Marlan:
Created white towns
Legal seperation- blacks could not enter white land and vise versa Created a situation where 80+% of the population was given 13% of the worst land ANC Tried to form a politcal party so they could be part of the conversations- whites didnt want to listen Albert Luthuli- leader of ANC Goes with the ideas of Ghandi- simply dont do what the government says Sharpesville Massacre
70 murdered- 180-190 injured government claims state of emergancy Canada, Great Britain and Australia- took a stance against what was happening in SA
Spear of the Nations Violent wing of the ANC Nelson Mandela- leader
Ultimatley failed
Police arrived as the crowd grew Police are ordered to open fire- 1500 police 600 people killed Turning point- white university students realize that this is not the right thing to do (Whites start marching with the blacks) SA banned from everything (isolation) no tradding, no sports
Brings in DeKlerk First thing he does is legalises ANC- blacks now have a voice Mandela is freed- end of Apartheid
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CartoonAudioQuoteI will not leave South Africa, nor will I surrender. Only through hardship, sacrifice and militant action can freedom be won. The struggle is my life. I will continue fighting for freedom until the end of my days. -Nelson Mandela
Subjunctive QuestionWithout apartheid, how would South Africa be different today in regards to their policies and government style?
3,2,13 words
1 Metaphor
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To what extent was violence necessary for the end of Apartheid in South Africa?
The division between cultures in South Africa during the 1950's through to 1990 was very distinct. The 'black' and 'white' society were always conflicting. Prime Minister Daniel Francois Malan created 2 crucial acts that would serve to classify and separate the two races. The Group Area Act of 1950 and The Separated Amenities Act of 1953 set regulations of: banning interbreeding, demanding everyone to carry identity cards and specific areas for white and blacks were established. At beginning of the conflict the population of the "blacks" did not hesitate to follow Ghandi and his ideals. However, fighting for their civil rights in a violent manner became an essential part of their life because without violence they were not heard. The struggle and fight against Apartheid lead to many uncalled for deaths of the black people. This motion of protecting and trying to regain their basic human rights as black people was supported by the Spear of Nations.
Nelson Mandela created the violent wing of the ANC in the Spear of Nations due to lack of compassion and respect from the white society. The whites refused to listen, therefore violence was the only attention grabbing method available. The black population of South Africa attempted to follow Ghandi with his theory of rebelling against the government by not following their regulations but this did not work. Instead, because of the ignorance to the absurd laws, blacks were prosecuted. The non-violent tactics were unsuccessful, Ghandi's approach was not changing the attitudes of the white population. On the contrary, Mandela had a problem solving tactic that did not involve peaceful protests. Mandela and his Spear of the Nations turned to violence in order to create a movement. Due to the illegal creation of the group, Mandela was sentenced to a life time of prison on Robben Island. Mandela viewed his time in prison as a little price because, the violent approach to the issue influenced others tofight for their rights in the same ways. This eventually solved the conflict and ended Apartheid in South Africa.
Caucasian University students were attentive to the violence of Mandela and the ANC. Soon after the uprising of Soweto ended, the students came to realization that the black people of their country were not treated fairly. This inspired the students to join forces with the black population and march with support for the rights of black people in South Africa. This movement took place around election time. For that reason, many of the students who actually made up a majority of the voting population successfully used their democratic rights to revoke Botha's powers. The voting population supported the ruling of DeKerk, the president who legalized the ANC and agreed to allow Mandela the opportunity to return back to society. This was significant to the history of South Africa because DeKlerk allowed the black population to have a strong, meaningful representative. Mandela was given the freedom to advocate for the rights of black people.
Many people of the white population obtained negative views of black people. Self-centered and ignorant a majority of the white society believed that their race was more superior and inferior, For that they reason they hoped to see the black South African people deteriorate. They began attempting to destroy the black population with violence during 1960 at the Sharpesville Massacre. Disregarding the fact that the protesters were unarmed the police proceeded with killing 70 people of the black population.To add, the police force was also responsible for injuring 180-190 more civilians. This type response also carried over in the Soweto Uprising in 1974 shortly after the announcement of the Afrikaans Medium was activated. This was a law that outlined the restrictions of language- Afrikaans and English were only offered to the public. Shaming culture, native traditions and languages were forbidden to practice. The uprising allowed for 600 deaths of the black population. 1500 police were commanded to attack with open fire. The result of this violence was not effective. Murdering the black population did not benefit the cause of maintaining apartheid in the country. Instead it influenced the black population to also respond to the issue with violence and this eventually ended with the black population regaining their basic human rights.
In 1989 it was evident that the country of South Africa was not stable and lost the meaning of humanity. Action regarding this topic was necessary. After the Sharpville Massacre, South Africa desperately needed assistance in 1960. As soon Botha was voted out of government, DeKlerk made it his mission to change the attitudes of the entire African population. Working together, DeKlerk and Mandela tiresely tried to repair South Africa. The black society in South Africa put up a strong fight for their fundamental human rights and rights as south african people. They protested in hopes of changing regulation but the only response they received was death numbers. Ignorant and self-centered, the white society continued to use violence with the goal of halting the movement against apartheid. As soon as the black population came to realization that they too, needed to use a form of violence, they finally received attention. Violence was the last resort for the black population and their reaction was justifiable. Acting the same way the white society did helped the black south Africans end discrimination in their country. Their voices were heard and this resulted to the end of apartheid in South Africa.
The division between cultures in South Africa during the 1950's through to 1990 was very distinct. The 'black' and 'white' society were always conflicting. Prime Minister Daniel Francois Malan created 2 crucial acts that would serve to classify and separate the two races. The Group Area Act of 1950 and The Separated Amenities Act of 1953 set regulations of: banning interbreeding, demanding everyone to carry identity cards and specific areas for white and blacks were established. At beginning of the conflict the population of the "blacks" did not hesitate to follow Ghandi and his ideals. However, fighting for their civil rights in a violent manner became an essential part of their life because without violence they were not heard. The struggle and fight against Apartheid lead to many uncalled for deaths of the black people. This motion of protecting and trying to regain their basic human rights as black people was supported by the Spear of Nations.
Nelson Mandela created the violent wing of the ANC in the Spear of Nations due to lack of compassion and respect from the white society. The whites refused to listen, therefore violence was the only attention grabbing method available. The black population of South Africa attempted to follow Ghandi with his theory of rebelling against the government by not following their regulations but this did not work. Instead, because of the ignorance to the absurd laws, blacks were prosecuted. The non-violent tactics were unsuccessful, Ghandi's approach was not changing the attitudes of the white population. On the contrary, Mandela had a problem solving tactic that did not involve peaceful protests. Mandela and his Spear of the Nations turned to violence in order to create a movement. Due to the illegal creation of the group, Mandela was sentenced to a life time of prison on Robben Island. Mandela viewed his time in prison as a little price because, the violent approach to the issue influenced others tofight for their rights in the same ways. This eventually solved the conflict and ended Apartheid in South Africa.
Caucasian University students were attentive to the violence of Mandela and the ANC. Soon after the uprising of Soweto ended, the students came to realization that the black people of their country were not treated fairly. This inspired the students to join forces with the black population and march with support for the rights of black people in South Africa. This movement took place around election time. For that reason, many of the students who actually made up a majority of the voting population successfully used their democratic rights to revoke Botha's powers. The voting population supported the ruling of DeKerk, the president who legalized the ANC and agreed to allow Mandela the opportunity to return back to society. This was significant to the history of South Africa because DeKlerk allowed the black population to have a strong, meaningful representative. Mandela was given the freedom to advocate for the rights of black people.
Many people of the white population obtained negative views of black people. Self-centered and ignorant a majority of the white society believed that their race was more superior and inferior, For that they reason they hoped to see the black South African people deteriorate. They began attempting to destroy the black population with violence during 1960 at the Sharpesville Massacre. Disregarding the fact that the protesters were unarmed the police proceeded with killing 70 people of the black population.To add, the police force was also responsible for injuring 180-190 more civilians. This type response also carried over in the Soweto Uprising in 1974 shortly after the announcement of the Afrikaans Medium was activated. This was a law that outlined the restrictions of language- Afrikaans and English were only offered to the public. Shaming culture, native traditions and languages were forbidden to practice. The uprising allowed for 600 deaths of the black population. 1500 police were commanded to attack with open fire. The result of this violence was not effective. Murdering the black population did not benefit the cause of maintaining apartheid in the country. Instead it influenced the black population to also respond to the issue with violence and this eventually ended with the black population regaining their basic human rights.
In 1989 it was evident that the country of South Africa was not stable and lost the meaning of humanity. Action regarding this topic was necessary. After the Sharpville Massacre, South Africa desperately needed assistance in 1960. As soon Botha was voted out of government, DeKlerk made it his mission to change the attitudes of the entire African population. Working together, DeKlerk and Mandela tiresely tried to repair South Africa. The black society in South Africa put up a strong fight for their fundamental human rights and rights as south african people. They protested in hopes of changing regulation but the only response they received was death numbers. Ignorant and self-centered, the white society continued to use violence with the goal of halting the movement against apartheid. As soon as the black population came to realization that they too, needed to use a form of violence, they finally received attention. Violence was the last resort for the black population and their reaction was justifiable. Acting the same way the white society did helped the black south Africans end discrimination in their country. Their voices were heard and this resulted to the end of apartheid in South Africa.